romanian ethnicity characteristics
Oxford: Oxford University Press. Editor i traductor: B. Other speakers of the latter languages are the Aromanians, the Megleno-Romanians, and the Istro-Romanians (native to Istria, Croatia), all of them unevenly distributed throughout the Balkan Peninsula, which may be considered either Romanian subgroups or separated yet, nevertheless, related ethnicities. Also, this number does not include ethnic-Romanians who no longer speak the Romanian language. [16] Mass emigration, mostly to Israel and United States, has reduced the surviving Jewish community to less than 6,000 in 2002 (it is estimated that the real numbers could be 3-4 times higher). Wood carvings, brightly ornamented costumes, skillfully woven carpets, pottery, and other elements of traditional Romanian culture remain popular and, with the growth of tourism, have become known internationally. Until the 17th century, the official language of the liturgy was Old Church Slavonic. Don't be surprised if you see strangers starting a conversation on public transport. The name of "Vlachs" is an exonym that was used by Slavs to refer to all Romanized natives of the Balkans. Race is defined as "a category of humankind that shares certain distinctive physical traits.". Besides the separation of some groups (Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians) during the Age of Migration, many Vlachs could be found all over the Balkans, in Transylvania,[75] across Carpathian Mountains[76] as far north as Poland and as far west as the regions of Moravia (part of the modern Czech Republic), some went as far east as Volhynia of western Ukraine, and the present-day Croatia where the Morlachs gradually disappeared, while the Catholic and Orthodox Vlachs took Croat and Serb national identity. [116][117], The late 13th-century Hungarian chronicler Simon of Kza states that the Vlachs were "shepherds and husbandmen" who "remained in Pannonia". [103], The Byzantine chronicler Niketas Choniates writes that in 1164, Andronikos I Komnenos, the emperor Manuel I Komnenos's cousin, tried without success, to usurp the throne. It is known as "Limba noastr".[130][131]. [137] Another one is Francesco della Valle's 1532 manuscripts that state that the Romanians from Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania preserved the name "Roman" and cites the sentence "Sti Rominest?" An eastern Romanian: 0.1% Southeast Asian + 0.1% Broadly East Asian + less than 0.1% Broadly East Asian and Native American Another eastern Romanian: 0.6% Mongolian + 0.1% Yakut + 0.2% Broadly East Asian Another eastern Romanian: 0.9% East Asian, 0.1% Native American, 0.2% Broadly East Asian and Native American Romania is the largest of the countries of south-eastern . More recently, filmmakers such as Cristi Puiu and Cristian Mungiu have attracted international acclaim, as has fashion designer Ioana Ciolacu. In 2014, the PNL-PDL candidate (as part of the larger Christian Liberal Alliance or ACL for short; also endorsed by the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania, FDGR/DFDR for short respectively) Klaus Iohannis won a surprise victory over former Prime Minister and PSD-supported contender Victor Ponta in the second round of the 2014 presidential elections. Note: Crude migration change (per 1000) is a trend analysis, an extrapolation based average population change (current year minus previous) minus natural change of the current year (see table vital statistics). English translation: The Fihrist of al-Nadim. [157] However, the actual rate of church attendance is significantly lower and many Romanians are only nominally believers. School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education). During the interwar period, two additional monarchs came to the Romanian throne, namely Carol II and Michael I. Contact: Sarah Eley. [42], definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.). Romanians are usually traditional and very attached to their families, so even you are dating an independent Romanian, don't underestimate the importance of the family in their life. The Romanian population has traditionally and historically been rural dwellers. For Romanians: -the ones with predominant Dacian-Roman ancestry (dark hair, dark eyes, convex Roman nose, square jaw, women with wide hips, high cheekbones) For some ethnic minorities in Romania . Editura Corint, 2001. isbn: 9736531910 (973-653-191-0)(The wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their medieval origins), A. Decei, V. Ciocltan, "La mention des Roumains (Walah) chez Al-Maqdisi", in Romano-arabica I, Bucharest, 1974, pp. Victor Babe discovered more than 50 germs and a cure for a disease named after him, babesiosis; biologist Nicolae Paulescu was among the first scientists to identify insulin. The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. Around 1.6% of ethnic Romanians in Romania identify themselves as Pentecostal, with the population numbering 276,678 members. (1971) - In: Revue des tudes sud-est europennes vol. "Moldavan", ed. Kazhdan, Alexander (1991). Maybe I'm crossing a line here, but judging from her father's facial phenotype, he's very likely of Roma origins. If to talk about color of hair, many Romanian women are brunettes. [72] Roman fortifications mostly date to the Tetrarchy or the Constantinian dynasty. Moscow: Nauka, 2010, pp. In Kazhdan, Alexander (ed.). [104][105][106], The Byzantine chronicler John Kinnamos, presenting the campaign of Manuel I Komnenos against Hungary in 1166, reports that General Leon Vatatzes had under his command "a great multitude of Vlachs, who are said to be ancient colonies of those in Italy", an army that attacked the Hungarian possessions "about the lands near the Pontus called the Euxine", respectively the southeastern regions of Transylvania, "destroyed everything without sparing and trampled everything it encountered in its passage". The later Roman province Dacia Aureliana, was organized inside former Moesia Superior. Rizos, Efthymios (2018). Dr. Ayfer AKTA, Trk Dili, TDK, 9/2007, s. 484495, Online: Vladimr Baar, Daniel Jakubek, (2017) Divided National Identity in Moldova, Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics, Volume 11: Issue 1, DOI: Ioan-Aurel Pop, Italian Authors and the Romanian Identity in the 16th Century, Revue Roumaine d'Histoire, XXXIX, 1-4, p. 39-49, Bucarest, 2000. [111], The Second Bulgarian Empire founded by the Asen dynasty consisting of Bulgarians and Vlachs was founded in 1185 and lasted until 1396. Romnia are 19.053.815 locuitori. [162][163][164] However, the Balkan Vlachs' northward migration ensured that these centers remained in close contact for centuries. [89], A series of Arab historians from the 10th century are some of the first to mention Vlachs in Eastern/South Eastern Europe: Mutahhar al-Maqdisi (c.945-991) writes: "They say that in the Turkic neighbourhood there are the Khazars, Russians, Slavs, Waladj (Vlachs), Alans, Greeks and many other peoples". Part I: Structure and Meaning, European Journal of Population", https://biblioteca-digitala.ro/?pub=1124-originea-medievala-a-focarelor-de-conflict-din-peninsula-balcanica, " : , , ", " " / , https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/basis/AnnaComnena-Alexiad.asp, https://archive.org/details/o-city-of-byzantium-annals-of-niketas-choniates-ttranslated-by-harry-j-magoulias-1984, http://opac.regesta-imperii.de/lang_en/anzeige.php?pk=337176, https://archive.org/details/tabulaimperiibyz0000unse, "Treaty of Bucharest/Russo-Turkish history [1812]", "De ce este srbtorit Ziua Limbii Romne la 31 august", Magyar Trtnelmi Tr 4. sorozat 4. ktet 1903. A disparity can be observed between official sources (such as census counts) where they exist, and estimates which come from non-official sources and interested groups. Failing in his attempt, the Byzantine prince sought refuge in Halych but Andronikos I Komnenos was "captured by the Vlachs, to whom the rumor of his escape had reached, he was taken back to the emperor". ISBN 963-9441-87-2. Then, it gradually changed to Romanian. Almost 90% of all Romanians consider themselves religious. Smaller percentages are Protestant, Jews, Muslims, agnostic, atheist, or practice a traditional religion. [6] With a population of about 19,000,000 people in 2022, Romania received 989,357 Ukrainian refugees on 27 May 2022, according to the United Nations (UN). [136] One example is Tranquillo Andronico's 1534 writing that states that the Vlachs "now call themselves Romans". Source: Rita J. Markel, The Fall of the Roman Empire, p. 17, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFHind1984 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFJones1988 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFJankovi2004 (. Kamusella continues by stating that they preferred this ethnonym in order to stress their presumed link with Ancient Rome and that it became more popular as a nationalistic form of referring to all Romanian-language speakers as a distinct and separate nation during the 1820s. [88] The First Bulgarian Empire had a mixed population consisting of the Bulgar conquerors, Slavs and Vlachs (Romanians) but the Slavicisation of the Bulgar elite had already begun in the 9th century. [95] The 11th-century scholar Kekaumenos wrote of a Vlach homeland situated "near the Danube and[]the Sava, where the Serbians lived more recently". Magoulias, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 1984, p.238-371. [83][84][85] However the document was written between 1200 and 1230, around 300 years after the described events and some modern historians have reservations about it and find it unreliable. In one interpretation of the 1989 census results in Moldova, the majority of Moldovans were counted as ethnic Romanians in this country as well. "Vlach" was an exonym used almost exclusively for the Romanians during the Middle Ages. The 2002 census indicates that 0.9% of the population is Greek Catholic, as opposed to about 10% prior to 1948. The paper also mentions how "signals of Asian maternal lineages were observed in all Romanian historical provinces, indicating gene flow along the migration routes through East Asia and Europe, during different time periods, namely, the Upper Paleolithic period and/or, with a likely greater preponderance, the Middle Ages", at low frequency (2.24%). [77], The first written record about a Romance language spoken in the Middle Ages in the Balkans, near the Haemus Mons is from 587 AD. The number of Romani people is usually underestimated in official statistics and may represent 511% of Romania's population.[22]. A similar holiday also exists in Moldova on the same day since 1990. the 'Roma' group was added under the 'White' ethnic group a write-in response was added for the 'Black African' ethnic group The ethnic groups were: Asian or Asian British Indian Pakistani. Largest Ethnic Groups In Romania - WorldAtlas Thus the census definition of "Romanian" might variously mean Romanian-born, of Romanian parentage, or also include other ethnic identities as Romanian which otherwise are identified separately in other contexts; This page was last edited on 1 May 2023, at 20:40. The third theory also known as the admigration theory, proposed by Dimitrie Onciul (18561923), posits that the formation of the Romanian people occurred in the former "Dacia Traiana" province, and in the central regions of the Balkan Peninsula. of the women were of Romanian ethnicity, close to half of the participants (49%, n = 70) had . The Moldovan language, in its official form, is practically identical to Romanian, although there are some differences in colloquial speech. Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 5001250. Romania has 41 counties and one city with a special status, namely Bucharest. What are the physical characteristics of Romanian people? The Romans ( Latin: Rmn; Ancient Greek: , romanized : Rhmaoi) [a] were a cultural group, variously referred to as an ethnicity [2] [3] [b] or a nationality, [4] [5] that in classical antiquity, from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD, came to rule large parts of Europe, the Near East and North . They traded and transported salt throughout the Bulgar Empire. The actual total recorded number of foreign-born Romanians was only 136,000. "Scythia Minor". [147], To distinguish Romanians from the other Romanic peoples of the Balkans (Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians), the term Daco-Romanian is sometimes used to refer to those who speak the standard Romanian language and live in the former territory of ancient Dacia (today comprising mostly Romania and Moldova) and its surroundings (such as Dobruja or the Timok Valley, the latter region part of the former Roman province of Dacia Ripensis).[148][149]. ISBN 978-0-19-866277-8. sfn error: no target: CITEREFKazhdan1991 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFWiewiorowski2008 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFZahariade2006 (, Stelian Brezeanu, O istorie a Bizanului, Editura Meronia, Bucureti, 2005, p.126, Aksum: an African civilisation of late antiquity By Stuart C. Munro-Hay Page 145, Alexandru Madgearu | Originea medieval a focarelor de conflict din Peninsula Balcanic, pp=52-53. [9] Among the causes of population decline are high mortality, a low fertility rate since 1990, and tremendous levels of emigration. Demographics of Romania - Wikipedia The ethnic origins of Romanians - Stormfront [79] According to the early 13th century medieval Hungarian book Gesta Hungarorum the invading Magyars of King rpd For example, Onoriu Colcel considers that the terms "Romania" and "Romanian" would only have appeared during the 19th century. Dodge, New York, Columbia University Press, 1970, p. 37 with n.82. Other old documents, especially Byzantine or Hungarian ones, make a correlation between the old Romanians as Romans or their descendants. Did Romans Have an Ethnic Identity? | Antichthon | Cambridge Core A Cross-Section Study of Relationship Characteristics and - Springer Following the conquest of Southern and Central Transylvania around 830, people from the Bulgar Empire mined salt from mines in Turda, Ocna Mure, Sreni and Ocnia. Romanian culture offers a variety of forms of folk art that have survived years of outside interference and domination. Those are very good words to describe characteristics of Romanian woman, as real natural beauty is one of this features. [44], Population by ethnicity based on age groups, according to the 2011 census:[45], Foreign-born population (according to Eurostat):[46]. However, Moldavia and Wallachia (extending to Dobruja and Bulgaria) were not entirely subdued by the Ottomans as both principalities became autonomous (which was not the case of other Ottoman territorial possessions in Europe). The National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics (NIRDI) gives the following numbers (the figure for 2020 was provided by the National Institute of Statistics - INSSE): Slightly more than 10% of the population of Romania is formed of minorities of Romania. The principal minorities are Hungarians and Roma, although other smaller ethnic groups exist too. International Statistics", "VOLUMUL II: POPULAIA STABIL (REZIDENT) STRUCTURA ETNIC I CONFESIONAL", "Population on 1 January by age group, sex and country of birth", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Romania&oldid=1150440151. [69], Scythia Minor (c. 290 c. 680) was a Roman province corresponding to the lands between the Danube and the Black Sea, today's Dobruja divided between Romania and Bulgaria. [87], After the Avar Khaganate collapsed in the790s, the First Bulgarian Empire became the dominant power of the region, occupying lands as far as the river Tisa. Romania has a long tradition of folk music. C'est ce qu'a imagin l'auteur et dessinateur Christophe Chabout dans son roman graphique intitul Muse. The mid-19th century political discourse of Romanian elites, which rejected the idea of transplanting Western forms of development onto profoundly Oriental societies such as those in the Romanian kingdoms, marked the Romanian national discourse for the next 150 years. This short-lived period was marked, at times, by political instabilities and efforts of maintaining a constitutional monarchy in favour of other, totalitarian regimes such as an absolute monarchy or a military dictatorship. Anna Comnena, The Alexiad, English translation: Elisabeth Dawes, London, 1928: Annals of Niketas Choniates, Translated by H.J. [68] The territory of the diocese was devastated by the Huns in the middle of 5th century and finally overrun by the Avars and Slavs in late 6th and early 7th century. Origin of Roman culture, characteristics and more - Postposmo Curta, Florin (2006), pp. [67] The Diocese of Dacia was composed of five provinces, the northernmost provinces were Dacia Ripensis (the Danubian portion of Dacia Aureliana, one of the cities of Dacia Ripensis in today Romania is Sucidava) and Moesia Prima (today in Serbia, near the border between Romania and Serbia). The 2021 Romanian census found that just under 89.3% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians.[60]. The contemporary total population of ethnic Romanians cannot be stated with any degree of certainty. For example, according to a 2006 Eurobarometer poll, only 23% of Romanians attend church once a week or more. Watch this video animation to find out some interesting facts: Romania is characterised through business communication, business etiquette, business meeting etiquette, internship and student placements, cost of living, work-life-balance and social media guide. [141] From the Middle Ages, Romanians bore two names, the exonym (one given to them by foreigners) Wallachians or Vlachs, under its various forms (vlah, valah, valach, voloh, blac, olh, vlas, ilac, ulah, etc. Miklouho-Maclay, Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cultural Heritage of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. During the late Middle Ages, prominent medieval Romanian monarchs such as Bogdan of Moldavia, Stephen the Great, Mircea the Elder, Michael the Brave, or Vlad the Impaler took part actively in the history of Central Europe by waging tumultuous wars and leading noteworthy crusades against the then continuously expanding Ottoman Empire, at times allied with either the Kingdom of Poland or the Kingdom of Hungary in these causes. In the 14th century the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia emerged to fight the Ottoman Empire. Thus, Iohannis became the first Romanian president stemming from an ethnic minority of the country (as he belongs to the Romanian-German community, being a Transylvanian Saxon). The origins of the Romanian language, a Romance language, can be traced back to the Roman colonisation of the region. Even before the union with Romania, ethnic Romanians comprised the overall majority in Transylvania. ISBN 978-0-88033-440-2. sfn error: no target: CITEREFMadgearu2001 (. List of ethnic groups - GOV.UK ISBN 0-19-504652-8. Romanians form the third largest ethno-linguistic group among Eastern Orthodox in the world. An older form of romn was still in use in some regions. An alternative name used in connection with the pre-mid Second Bulgarian Empire 13th century period is the Empire of Vlachs and Bulgarians;[112] variant names include the "VlachBulgarian Empire", the "BulgarianWallachian Empire". (c. 845 c. 907) waged wars against three dukesGlad, Menumorut and the Vlach Geloufor Banat, Criana and Transylvania. Romanians - Wikipedia Minorities of Romania - Wikipedia Romanians can also be found in many countries, notably in the other EU countries, particularly in Italy, Spain, Germany, the United Kingdom and France; in North America in the United States and Canada; in Israel; as well as in Brazil, Australia, Argentina, and New Zealand among many other countries. In addition to the colours of the Romanian flag, each historical province of Romania has its own characteristic symbol: The coat of arms of Romania combines these together. While the Raducanus I actually know are of Romanian ethnicity, in all other occasions I came across this name, the owners were Roma. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation. Etiquette and Manners in Romania Meeting and Greeting Initial greetings are formal and reserved: a handshake, direct eye contact, and the appropriate greeting for the time of day. The folk costumes of the country are a feast to eyes as they exhibit elaborate embroidery and beadwork.
